Metalepsis and readerly investment in fictional characters: reflections on apostrophic reading
August 2020
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Chapter
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Metalepsis: Ancient Texts, New Perspectives
Attending to Tragic Messenger Speeches
December 2019
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Chapter
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Experience, Narrative, and Criticism in Ancient Greece
<p>The chapter draws on the psychological as well as everyday notion of ‘attention’ to analyse the experience afforded by tragic messenger speeches. What marks out this experience, it is argued, is that attention shifts dynamically between not just two levels (the world of the play and the performance qua performance) but three: the offstage world of the messenger’s narrative, the messenger and his listeners onstage, and the performance qua performance. An awareness of this dynamic, it is suggested, can be detected in the iconography of messenger scenes on fourth-century pots. Euripides’ Andromache and Medea as well as Sophocles’ Electra serve as case studies for analysing the textual means by which the dramatists prompt ever-shifting patterns of attention, stimulating immersion in the narrative as well as drawing attention to the interactions occurring onstage. The chapter ends by looking to the psychology of attention to ask whether audiences are able to attend simultaneously to different levels or whether different objects of attention are in competition.</p>
Dare to believe: wonder, trust and the limitations of human cognition in Euripides’ Iphigenia in Tauris
November 2019
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Chapter
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Ancient Theatre and Performance Culture around the Black Sea
Greek Lyric: A Selection
January 2018
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Book
Group Minds in Classical Athens? Chorus and Dēmos as Case Studies of Collective Cognition
January 2018
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Chapter
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Distributed Cognition in Classical Antiquity
Individual Differences in Transportation Into Narrative Drama
Textual Events Performance and the Lyric in Early Greece
Like other lyric, the solo lyric of early Greece creates encounters with another mind. Drawing on the psychological phenomenon of ‘mentalising’, this chapter attempts to capture the quality of these encounters. Unlike in epic or drama, where we observe a multiplicity of characters as they interact with one another horizontally, lyric minds attain complexity vertically: audiences encounter the mind of the speaker in the text, of the performer, and the author. Lyric thus fragments and asks us to reassemble what in ordinary life is one – the flesh-and-blood person before us, the words, and the person from whom the words originate – and thus creates its peculiar blend of immediacy and opacity. In the course of this argument, a case is made for the necessary truthfulness of the lyric speaker. Whereas the lyric performer inhabits words that are not wholly his/her own, the lyric speaker is necessarily truthful
Cognition, endorphins, and the literary response to tragedy
September 2017
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Journal article
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Cambridge Quarterly
Performance, Reperformance, Preperformance: The Paradox of Repeating the Unique in Pindaric Epinician and Beyond
January 2017
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Chapter
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Imagining Reperformance in Ancient Culture
In performance studies, ‘repeformance’ often has a paradoxical quality, denoting the replication of a one-off event. Central to this paradox is a mix of temporalities: reperformance juxtaposes then and now. This chapter argues that such mixed temporalities characterise the performance also of Pindaric epinician. Epinician brings back now, and then again in the future, a victory that took place in the past. The main focus is on exploring how this crisscrossing of temporalities is reflected in the poetics of Pindar’s texts. Nemean 4 and Olympian 10 serve as case studies. The chapter introduces the notion of pre-performance, to form a pair with reperformance. Pindar places every performance, including the première, ina sequence of different but related performances, beginning with mythical choruses, impromptu celebrations and other performance acts in the past, and continuing into the future. Each performance is therefore both a pre- and a re-performance. The conclusion briefly extends this thinking to other genres
Emotional arousal when watching drama increases pain threshold and social bonding.
September 2016
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Journal article
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R Soc Open Sci
Fiction, whether in the form of storytelling or plays, has a particular attraction for us: we repeatedly return to it and are willing to invest money and time in doing so. Why this is so is an evolutionary enigma that has been surprisingly underexplored. We hypothesize that emotionally arousing drama, in particular, triggers the same neurobiological mechanism (the endorphin system, reflected in increased pain thresholds) that underpins anthropoid primate and human social bonding. We show that, compared to subjects who watch an emotionally neutral film, subjects who watch an emotionally arousing film have increased pain thresholds and an increased sense of group bonding.
emotional arousal, endorphins, pain threshold, social bonding, tragedy
Ambiguity and Audience Response
January 2016
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Journal article
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Arion - Journal of Humanities and the Classics
Another Look at Female Choruses in Classical Athens
October 2015
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Journal article
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Classical Antiquity
This article revisits the issue of female choruses in Classical Athens and aims to provide an alternative to the common pessimistic view that emphasizes the restriction of female choreia by the gender ideology of the democracy. We agree that Athens did not have the kind of female choral culture that is documented for Sparta or Argos, but a review of the evidence suggests that women did dance regularly both in the city itself and elsewhere in Attica, although not at the ideologically most marked occasions such as the City Dionysia. The latter part of the article turns from actual choruses to their representation in textual and iconographic sources. An important reason why modern scholarship sometimes underestimates the extent of female choreia in Athens, we suggest, is that Athenian sources are often purposefully elusive in their representation of female choruses.
Timotheus’ Poetics of Blending: A Cognitive Approach to the Language of the New Music
July 2014
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Journal article
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Classical Philology
Choruses, Ancient and Modern
January 2013
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Book
Dramatic illusion and realism
January 2013
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Chapter
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Greek tragedy encyclopedia
Greek festival choruses in and out of context
January 2013
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Chapter
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Choruses, Ancient and Modern
Lyric poetry
January 2013
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Chapter
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Greek tragedy encyclopedia
Pain, physical and mental
January 2013
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Chapter
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Greek tragedy encylopedia
The inbetweenness of sympotic elegy
January 2013
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Journal article
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Journal of Hellenic Studies
Alcman’s nightscapes (frs. 89 and 90 PMGF)
January 2012
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Journal article
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Harvard Studies in Classical Philology
Epinician and the symposion: a comparison with the enkōmia
January 2012
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Chapter
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Reading the victory ode
Bringing together nature and culture: on the uses and limits of cognitive science for the study of performance reception
January 2010
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Chapter
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Theorising performance: Greek drama, cultural history, and critical practice
Reading minds in Greek tragedy
January 2010
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Journal article
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Greece and Rome
Anacreon and the Anacreontea
January 2009
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Chapter
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The Cambridge companion to Greek lyric
Introducing Greek lyric
January 2009
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Chapter
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The Cambridge companion to Greek lyric
The Cambridge Companion to Greek Lyric
January 2009
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Book
The reception of Sophocles' representation of physical pain